"Perestroika" meaning in All languages combined

See Perestroika on Wiktionary

Noun [German]

IPA: /peʁɛsˈtʁɔʏ̯ka/ Audio: De-Perestroika.ogg Forms: Perestroika [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], Perestroika [nominative, singular], Perestroika [genitive, singular], Perestroika [dative, singular], Perestroika [accusative, singular]
Etymology: Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|loanword|Borrowed}} Borrowed, {{bor|de|ru|перестро́йка||restructuring|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”), {{bor+|de|ru|перестро́йка|t=restructuring}} Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”) Head templates: {{de-noun|f.sg}} Perestroika f (genitive Perestroika, no plural) Inflection templates: {{de-ndecl|f.sg}}
  1. perestroika (reform policy in the Soviet Union) Tags: feminine, no-plural Categories (place): Soviet Union Synonyms: Perestrojka Related terms: Glasnost
    Sense id: en-Perestroika-de-noun-D43KlGyw Categories (other): German entries with incorrect language header

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for Perestroika meaning in All languages combined (2.5kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "перестро́йка",
        "4": "",
        "5": "restructuring",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "перестро́йка",
        "t": "restructuring"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Perestroika",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "de-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Perestroika",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Perestroika",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Perestroika",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Perestroika",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f.sg"
      },
      "expansion": "Perestroika f (genitive Perestroika, no plural)",
      "name": "de-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Pe‧res‧troi‧ka"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f.sg"
      },
      "name": "de-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "de",
          "name": "Soviet Union",
          "orig": "de:Soviet Union",
          "parents": [
            "Asia",
            "Europe",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "perestroika (reform policy in the Soviet Union)"
      ],
      "id": "en-Perestroika-de-noun-D43KlGyw",
      "links": [
        [
          "perestroika",
          "perestroika"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "Glasnost"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "Perestrojka"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "no-plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/peʁɛsˈtʁɔʏ̯ka/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-Perestroika.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/De-Perestroika.ogg/De-Perestroika.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/De-Perestroika.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Perestroika"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "перестро́йка",
        "4": "",
        "5": "restructuring",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "перестро́йка",
        "t": "restructuring"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Perestroika",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "de-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Perestroika",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Perestroika",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Perestroika",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Perestroika",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f.sg"
      },
      "expansion": "Perestroika f (genitive Perestroika, no plural)",
      "name": "de-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Pe‧res‧troi‧ka"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f.sg"
      },
      "name": "de-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Glasnost"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "German 4-syllable words",
        "German entries with incorrect language header",
        "German feminine nouns",
        "German lemmas",
        "German nouns",
        "German terms borrowed from Russian",
        "German terms derived from Russian",
        "German terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "German terms with audio links",
        "German uncountable nouns",
        "de:Soviet Union"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "perestroika (reform policy in the Soviet Union)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "perestroika",
          "perestroika"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "no-plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/peʁɛsˈtʁɔʏ̯ka/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-Perestroika.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/De-Perestroika.ogg/De-Perestroika.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/De-Perestroika.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "Perestrojka"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Perestroika"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.